Type 2 diabetes is a condition which affects levels of insulin, a hormone needed by the body to use glucose (sugar converted from foods) for energy. Patients either don't make enough insulin or they are unable to effectively use the insulin. Despite high levels of glucose in the blood, the body's cells can't get enough fuel for energy.

The American Diabetes Association estimates about 20.8 million people in the U.S. have some form of diabetes. Type 2 is the most common, accounting for 90 to 95 percent of all cases. It's most common among middle-aged, overweight, sedentary adults. However, doctors are seeing an increasing number of cases among children who are overweight and inactive.

Over time, elevated levels of blood sugars can damage the lining of the blood vessels and injure the organs. Adults with diabetes are 2 to 4 times more likely to die from heart disease as non-diabetics. Risk for stroke is also 2 to 4 times higher. In addition, people with diabetes are at risk for high blood pressure, blindness, kidney disease, nerve damage, dental disease and amputation.

Using Sugar to Fight Diabetes

Generally, diabetics are told to limit sugar and sugar-laden products because the foods can cause a huge spike in blood sugar levels. Instead, patients are told to maintain a near constant level of glucose for optimal control of diabetes.

Now researchers say there's a sugar that diabetics may be encouraged to use. It's called tagatose (sold under the name Naturlose™). Tagatose is a natural sugar that's found in some dairy products (like cow's milk, cheese and yogurt). A manufactured form was approved by the FDA in 2001. It is similar in bulk and texture to table sugar and 92 percent as sweet. However, only about 20 to 25 percent of the product is metabolized by the body. Thus, the sugar doesn't produce the large spikes in blood sugar levels seen with table sugar.

Tagatose was developed by scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center, University of Maryland Medical Center. In a trial of patients with type 2 diabetes, researchers found large doses of tagatose had no effect on blood sugar levels. In a follow-up experiment, doctors gave patients a glucose tolerance test (use of a glucose-sweetened drink). Normally, blood sugar levels would skyrocket after the test. However, patients who received tagatose had lower than expected glucose levels, meaning the sugar blunted their response to the glucose drink. Currently, tagatose is in phase III trials to evaluate its benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes. For information, call (800) 492-5538.

Endocrinologist, Thomas Donner, M.D., says tagatose has other beneficial effects as well. Patients who take it gradually and consistently lose weight. It also appears to raise HDL cholesterol and inhibit digestive problems, dental plaque and bad breath.

For information about the trial, call (800) 492-5538.

For information about tagatose (Naturlose™):

http://www.naturlose.com

For general information on diabetes:

American Diabetes Association

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases