Adult Orthodontics

None — Consequences of a "Bad Bite"

In dentistry, the "bite" refers to the way the upper and lower teeth come together. In a healthy bite, the upper teeth fit securely over the lower teeth when the teeth are clenched. The tips of the upper molars fit inside the grooves of the lower molars and vice-versa.

Malocclusion is the term used when the teeth don't fit together properly. It can be caused when teeth are misshapen, crooked, crowded or missing. In some cases, the upper and lower jaws are different sizes, interfering with the ability to match the positions of the upper and lower teeth. Thumb sucking, prolonged bottle or pacifier use or tongue thrusting may force the front teeth to jut out. Birth defects, trauma or tumors may also affect the alignment of the jaw and facial bones.

A proper bite is essential for many reasons. When the teeth are poorly aligned, it is more difficult to remove debris between the teeth, increasing the risk for cavities or gum disease. If the upper and lower teeth hit together, the protective tooth enamel can wear away. Poorly fitting teeth can affect appearance, interfere with clear speech and cause problems with chewing.

Adults Getting Braces

Braces are dental devices used to move teeth into proper position and fix a bad bite. Usually braces are fitted during childhood – typically between 8 and 14. However, it's never too late for adults to have braces. In fact, the American Association of Orthodontists reports one in five orthodontic patients is an adult.

Renee Roland, D.D.S., Orthodontist with the Eastman Institute for Oral Health and the University of Rochester Medical Center, says adults present with a different set of problems than children. Adults are more likely to have gum disease, which must be treated before braces can be placed on the teeth. In addition, adults are more likely to have missing teeth or crowns and fillings that interfere with the placement of orthodontic appliances. In addition, structural problems with the jaw may require a surgical fix.

Roland says adults who are considering braces should have a thorough dental evaluation before seeking orthodontic consultation. Typically, the back teeth serve as the anchors for the wires that pull the teeth into position. But in some adults, the back teeth are unable to withstand the stress. In those cases, Roland places a mini-implant into the bone around the teeth. The mini-implant is not a replacement for a tooth, but rather a stronger anchor for the wires that pull the teeth into position.

Roland says the average adult takes about two years to complete orthodontic treatment. The cost can range from $3,500 to $6,000 or more, depending on the extent of need. In many cases, the treatments are not fully covered by insurance. Roland adds, for some patients, veneers may be more appropriate than braces.

If you have any specific questions about braces or orthodontic procedures, talk with your dental health care provider. For general information on braces:

Academy of General Dentistry American Association of Orthodontists American Dental Association

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